{"id":6188,"date":"2022-03-17T12:19:22","date_gmt":"2022-03-17T11:19:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ebp.be\/negotiation-in-public-procurement-part-1\/"},"modified":"2026-04-13T12:38:13","modified_gmt":"2026-04-13T11:38:13","slug":"les-negociations-dans-les-marches-publics-1ere-partie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ebp.be\/fr\/les-negociations-dans-les-marches-publics-1ere-partie\/","title":{"rendered":"Les n\u00e9gociations dans les march\u00e9s publics (1\u00e8re partie)"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Pour les adjudicateurs comme pour les soumissionnaires, de nombreuses zones d\u2019ombre planent encore sur les proc\u00e9dures de n\u00e9gociation dans les march\u00e9s publics. Comment fonctionnent-elles et \u00e0 quelles r\u00e8gles doivent-elles satisfaire ? Dans ce blog, nous r\u00e9pondons aux questions les plus fr\u00e9quemment pos\u00e9es \u00e0 ce sujet.\u00a0<\/span>Lire aussi la\u00a0<\/span>2<\/span>\u00e8me<\/span>\u00a0partie\u00a0<\/span>de ce blog.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>

1. Comment fonctionnent les proc\u00e9dures de n\u00e9gociation dans les march\u00e9s publics ?\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>

Les proc\u00e9dures autorisant les n\u00e9gociations peuvent donner lieu \u00e0 diff\u00e9rents sc\u00e9narios. Dans le premier sc\u00e9nario, les premi\u00e8res offres sont d\u00e9pos\u00e9es par les soumissionnaires, avant de faire l\u2019objet d\u2019une discussion sur leur contenu. Au terme de ces n\u00e9gociations, une BAFO (<\/span>best and final offer<\/span><\/i>) est d\u00e9pos\u00e9e, et aboutit \u00e0 la cl\u00f4ture de la proc\u00e9dure.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Le deuxi\u00e8me sc\u00e9nario possible consiste \u00e0 pr\u00e9voir plusieurs tours de n\u00e9gociations. Dans ce cas de figure, une ou plusieurs offres interm\u00e9diaires (entre la premi\u00e8re offre et l\u2019offre finale) peuvent \u00eatre d\u00e9pos\u00e9es avant les n\u00e9gociations. Le principal \u00e9tant ici qu\u2019une fois l\u2019offre finale (BAFO) demand\u00e9e, aucune n\u00e9gociation ult\u00e9rieure n\u2019est plus autoris\u00e9e.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Enfin, le dernier sc\u00e9nario offre encore la possibilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019adjudicateur de proc\u00e9der directement \u00e0 l\u2019attribution sur la base de la premi\u00e8re offre. Ce n\u2019est pas toujours autoris\u00e9, et uniquement possible si le cahier des charges sp\u00e9cifie clairement que l\u2019adjudicateur se r\u00e9serve de proc\u00e9der \u00e0 une attribution directe apr\u00e8s r\u00e9ception des premi\u00e8res offres.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

2. Sur quoi les n\u00e9gociations peuvent-elles porter ?\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>

En principe, tout peut \u00eatre n\u00e9goci\u00e9. Le pouvoir adjudicateur est libre de choisir la partie de l\u2019offre qui fera l\u2019objet d\u2019une discussion. Il peut s\u2019agir du prix, mais aussi des d\u00e9lais et du contenu des offres en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Il est en revanche interdit de n\u00e9gocier les d\u00e9finitions ou la pond\u00e9ration des crit\u00e8res d\u2019attribution. Il n\u2019est bien s\u00fbr pas interdit de n\u00e9gocier le contenu des offres \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re des crit\u00e8res d\u2019attribution retenus. Par exemple lorsque le prix est un crit\u00e8re d\u2019attribution, il est autoris\u00e9 de demander aux soumissionnaires d\u2019abaisser le prix de leur offre.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

La n\u00e9gociation relative aux exigences minimales est en principe \u00e9galement interdite. Le hic, c\u2019est que la loi ne d\u00e9finit pas pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment ce qu\u2019elle entend par exigences minimales. Celles-ci sont implicitement admises comme \u00e9tant les exigences que l\u2019adjudicateur qualifie lui-m\u00eame de minimales dans les documents du march\u00e9<\/span>. Les n\u00e9gociations sur les exigences minimales ne sont autoris\u00e9es que dans les proc\u00e9dures sans publication pr\u00e9alable, \u00e0 condition que la valeur estim\u00e9e du march\u00e9 ne soit pas exclue dans les documents du march\u00e9.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

3. A quelles r\u00e8gles est soumis le d\u00e9roulement des n\u00e9gociations ?\u00a0<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/h2>

L\u2019adjudicateur ne peut entamer les n\u00e9gociations que s\u2019il y a r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 des offres. \u00c9tant donn\u00e9 que seules les offres r\u00e9guli\u00e8res sont admises aux n\u00e9gociations, la r\u00e9gularit\u00e9 des offres re\u00e7ues doit d\u2019abord \u00eatre examin\u00e9e.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

L\u2019adjudicateur peut par ailleurs d\u00e9cider lui-m\u00eame du nombre de tours de n\u00e9gociation n\u00e9cessaires. Bien entendu, cette d\u00e9cision est soumise \u00e0 des restrictions l\u00e9gales. Si l\u2019adjudicateur a pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 le nombre de tours de n\u00e9gociation dans le cahier des charges, il doit s\u2019y tenir. Autre point\u202fimportant : si l\u2019adjudicateur demande une offre finale, celle-ci ne peut plus \u00eatre n\u00e9goci\u00e9e.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Enfin, l\u2019adjudicateur peut \u00e9galement d\u00e9cider de ne pas engager de n\u00e9gociations. Cette option n\u2019est possible que si l\u2019adjudicateur s\u2019est r\u00e9serv\u00e9 cette possibilit\u00e9 dans la publication. Pour les adjudicateurs, il est donc capital d\u2019\u00eatre tr\u00e8s attentif aux options qu\u2019ils incluront dans les documents du march\u00e9. Nous recommandons de maintenir un champ de possibilit\u00e9s aussi vaste que possible afin de r\u00e9duire au maximum les restrictions.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Tant pour les pouvoirs adjudicateurs que pour les soumissionnaires, de nombreuses incertitudes subsistent quant aux proc\u00e9dures n\u00e9goci\u00e9es en mati\u00e8re de march\u00e9s publics. Comment fonctionnent-ils et quelles r\u00e8gles doivent-ils respecter ? Dans ce blog, nous r\u00e9pondons aux questions les plus fr\u00e9quemment pos\u00e9es sur ce sujet. Vous pouvez \u00e9galement lire la premi\u00e8re partie de ce blog ici.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":976,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[75,82,64,92],"tags":[83,67,93],"class_list":["post-6188","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-fr","category-comment","category-quest-ce-que-cest","category-remporter","tag-comment","tag-quest-ce-que-cest","tag-remporter"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLes n\u00e9gociations dans les march\u00e9s publics (1\u00e8re partie) - EBP Website<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ebp.be\/fr\/les-negociations-dans-les-marches-publics-1ere-partie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les n\u00e9gociations dans les march\u00e9s publics (1\u00e8re partie) - EBP Website\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tant pour les pouvoirs adjudicateurs que pour les soumissionnaires, de nombreuses incertitudes subsistent quant aux proc\u00e9dures n\u00e9goci\u00e9es en mati\u00e8re de march\u00e9s publics. 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